This is the first single‐arm phase I/II clinical trial of repeated dose umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells administration in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell infusions were safe and generally well tolerated. Forty percent of children showed notable improvements of symptoms as measured by standardized autism diagnosis tools.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressively debilitating neurological condition in which the immune system abnormally erodes the myelin sheath insulating the nerves. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been used in the last decade to safely treat certain immune and inflammatory conditions.